Arhiva Ulcinj

Abazi, Enika

Since the dissolution of Yugoslavia the position of international community towards the case of Kosovo/a shifted from negligence to military intervention. In the Peace Conference on Yugoslavia in 1991, Kosovo/a case was considered an internai issue of Serbia. Consequently, solutions for Kosovo/a were not discussed on the framework of the dissolution of Yugoslavia. Kosovo/a Albanian leadership reacted to this decision by establishing a shadow state and parallel life within Serbia. Dayton Agreement was another important event in the dissolution process of Yugoslavia and Kosovo/a case. The case of Kosovo/a was defined in human right terms and as such not mentioned in the main document. Dayton agreement marked a turning point in the relations between Serbs and Albanians, resistance radicalised and the Kosovo Liberating Army (KLA) did start its activity. By the end of 1998 and the beginning of 1999 the conflict between Serbs and Albanians did by and large consume the agenda of the UN, NATO, the EU and world major powers, which made the case a legiti-mate concern in the discipline of international relation

Muhamet Qerimi

The purpose of the research paper is to examines the historical significance of Dyrrhachium (modern-day Durrës), as a pivotal economic, commercial, and political center in the Adriatic region from antiquity to the medieval period. The scientific novelty resides in its meticulous exploration of Dyrrhachium’s economic, commercial, and political significance in during Antiquity and the early Middle Ages. The research elucidates the city’s remarkable ability to navigate and thrive amidst various external challenges, offering invaluable insights into the dynamics of the Adriatic region during both ancient and medieval periods. This study contributes to a nuanced understanding of regional interactions and socio-economic dynamics, shedding light on the intricate interplay of factors that shaped Dyrrhachium’s enduring prominence. Conclusion. Dating back to its establishment by Hellenic settlers around 625 BCE, Dyrrhachium witnessed a remarkable trajectory of development under various rulers, including the Romans and Byzantines, despite enduring significant external threats such as Ostrogoth and Slavic invasions. Notably, the construction of the Egnatia road served as a catalyst, amplifying Dyrrhachium’s economic importance by facilitating trade between the Eastern and Western regions. Through tumultuous times, Dyrrhachium showcased remarkable economic resilience, ultimately emerging as the preeminent city in the Byzantine Empire’s Balkan region. The despite facing numerous p

Ermal Baze, Muhamet Qerimi

The purpose of the research paper is to delve into the historical and legal significance of the Statutes of Shkodra, a set of legal codes that governed the city of Shkodra during its Venetian period until its eventual occupation by the Ottoman Empire in 1479. The scientific novelty. The article provides a novel perspective on The Statutes of Shkodra by emphasising their unique contribution to European legal traditions and their role in shaping the foundation of positive law in Albania, particularly through the principle of personal freedom. Conclusions. The Statutes of Shkodra hold exceptional value for understanding the civil and social dynamics of Shkodra during the Middle Ages. These statutes, primarily modelled on the legal and social structures of the Italian-Dalmatian cities along the Adriatic coast, were also influenced by the Slavic-Byzantine world. This fusion of influences shaped a unique set of laws and civic regulations that reflected both regional characteristics and broader European medieval traditions. Drafted on Albanian soil, the Statutes of Shkodra maintain a distinctly local character, preserving the authenticity of the Albanian documentary tradition while incorporating external legal and administrative norms. The statutes demonstrate how Shkodra’s urban governance was structured in alignment with the legal frameworks of Western Europe, particularly concerning commerce, social relations, and public administration. Through these statutes, we gain ac

Daniel Plekhov, Elic M Weitzel, Erina Baci

As tribal social structures have long been prevalent in our species, understanding the drivers of tribal demography is of great importance. Here, we explore the potential effects of several geographic factors on population size among early 20th century northern Albanian tribes.Through a model comparison analysis of population data from forty-six tribes, we investigate how tribal population size was influenced by slope, net primary productivity, water availability, number of neighboring tribes, and distance to urban centers. Our results suggest that while slope and the number of neighboring tribes are the best available predictors, their overall ability to predict Albanian tribal population size in the early 20th century is poor. An unexplored factor such as tribal wealth (in terms of land, livestock, infrastructure, or marriage alliances) could be a more important driver of population size, but it is perhaps most likely that decades of conflict in the late 19th and early 20th centuries reshaped the demographic landscape of northern Albania and obscured any pre-existing geographic influences on tribal demography

McCamy, Christal

Retail trading, in the age of the COVID-19 pandemic, has reached impressive and consequential levels, mostly due to the rise in popularity of online investing platforms. These platforms greatly increase the accessibility of the stock market and the ability to create wealth for young investors. However, this recent surge in activity has dramatically affected the stock market in various ways and led to many negative outcomes for retail investors themselves. This Note uses several examples, surrounding the use of the platform Robinhood, to argue for action by the SEC and FINRA to implement additional protections for retail investors who utilize such platforms. Specifically, this Note calls for FINRA to modify its existing rules regarding account opening and approval and to provide a more detailed account approval process. This Note also argues for required education for retail investors looking to access certain complex and high-risk trading products

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Hrvoje Gračanin

The paper endeavours to discuss anew a scholarly puzzle related to the Croatian early Middle Ages and centred on a few lines from Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos’s De administrando imperio, which in English translation are as follows: And of the Croats who arrived to Dalmatia one part separated and ruled Illyricum and Pannonia. And they also had an independent ruler who was sending envoys, though only to the ruler of Croatia from friendship. Taking a different approach from the complete dismissal of the two sentences as a pure fiction or a mere literary device, the paper instead attempts to trace the concept behind this account as well as its underlying meaning. On the one hand, it seeks to detect the methods or strategies used by the royal compiler in trying to elucidate the past. On the other hand, it aims to provide a thorough historical analysis and offer a possible interpretation in opposition to the view, still largely extant in the Croatian scholarship, that this account is an evidence for an early presence of the group called Croats in southern Pannonia

JONES Arwyn, WOJDA Piotr, ZDRULI P.

This study is a compilation of evidence to support the development of a soil component for a JRC Science for Policy Report on the “Status of Environment and Climate in the Western Balkans”. This document attempts to benchmark a range of issues affecting soil health with considerations on the accession progress for an eventual Soil Health Law under the 2030 Soil Strategy. The outcomes reported here are based on a literature review of 139 sources, bilateral exchanges with national soil experts in all Western Balkans countries, and on the personal experience of the authors. It should be emphasised that current data are scarce, and as such, the results should be considered as a primary assessment and not definitive. Based on the results of this study it is concluded that soil degradation is prevalent and extensive throughout the Western Balkans region. Soils are under pressure, but the intensity of various soil health indicators varies between them and among the countries. Climate change was not part of this study. Nevertheless, its impacts will be relevant in the coming decades, if not preventive mitigation, remediation, and adaptation actions will be needed to lessen their impacts.JRC.D.3 - Land Resource

Gjorgji Bufli

The present article is an analysis of the following Albanian words, compared with formally and semantically similar words in Romanian and their supposed Latin etymons: harme\u308shuer, harme\u308shor "stallion, stud horse" (cf. Lat. *armissa\u304ri\u306us < admissa\u304ri\u306us "id." and Rom. arma\u306sar, harma\u306sar "id."), shelqnuer, shelqe\u308ror "tree trunk with branches broken-off to hang up vessels in a mountain dairy camp; forked peg, forked prop, tent peg" (cf. Rom. sa\u306rciner, sa\u306lciner "id." and Lat. sarcina\u304rius "of or belonging to burdens or baggage"), fshat "village" (cf. Rom. sat, fsat "id." and Lat. fossa\u304tum "ditch, fosse"), ftuje\u308 "yearly female goat" (cf. Rom. va\u306tuiu "id." and Lat. *vituleus, *vitulea < vi\u306tu\u306lus, vitu\u306la "young calf; young animal, cub"), ke\u308rrute\u308, krru\u304t "(animal) with backward-curling horns; (ewe or she-goat) with horns" (cf. Lat. cornu\u304ta "animal with horns" and Rom. cornuta\u306 "id."), me\u308trik "colic, disease wich affects livestock; periwinkle" (cf. Rom. dial. ma\u306trice "colic, cramps in the newborn; cattle disease; feverfew" and Late Lat. matricem "womb; belly"), qyme, qime "cancer, ulcera, gangrene; swelling; fistula" (cf. Lat. cy\u304ma "young sprout of cabbage; hollow sphere" and Rom. ci\u306uma\u306 "bubonic plague, pestilence; bud"), zgjebe, zgjebe\u308 "scabies, itch; mange" (cf. Lat. scabies "id." and Rom. sgaiba\u306, zgaiba\u306 "little sore or wound; crust; eye

University for Business and Technology - UBT

UBT Annual International Conference is the 12th international interdisciplinary peer reviewed conference which publishes works of the scientists as well as practitioners in the area where UBT is active in Education, Research and Development. The UBT aims to implement an integrated strategy to establish itself as an internationally competitive, research-intensive university, committed to the transfer of knowledge and the provision of a world-class education to the most talented students from all background. The main perspective of the conference is to connect the scientists and practitioners from different disciplines in the same place and make them be aware of the recent advancements in different research fields, and provide them with a unique forum to share their experiences. It is also the place to support the new academic staff for doing research and publish their work in international standard level. This conference consists of sub conferences in different fields like: Art and Digital Media Agriculture, Food Science and Technology Architecture and Spatial Planning Civil Engineering, Infrastructure and Environment Computer Science and Communication Engineering Dental Sciences Education and Development Energy Efficiency Engineering Integrated Design Information Systems and Security Journalism, Media and Communication Law Language and Culture Management, Business and Economics Modern Music, Digital Production and Management Medicine and Nursing Mechatronics, System Engineeri

Dizdari, Tahir

Ligorio, Orsat, Savić, Danilo

This paper analyses borrowings of possible Illyrian provenance in Slavic. Sections 1 and 2 describe previous attempts at defining the borders and characteristics of the Illyrian language. The Illyrian forms are classified according to the system of anthroponymic areas of Illyricum established by Radoslav Katičić. Thus, they are labelled as either Liburnian, Delmato-Pannonian, or Illyrian proper. The main part of the material, covered in sections 3 and 4, consists of 59 onomastic and lexical items generally held to be Illyrian borrowings into Serbo-Croatian and, to a lesser extent, into Bulgarian and Slovene, often with cognates in Albanian and Romanian. The Illyrian origin of 13 forms is rejected. Section 5 discusses another 16 Slavic forms of unclear origin. Section 6 discusses eight Illyrian toponyms that were not borrowed into Slavic, but are helpful for the reconstruction of Illyrian phonology attempted in section 7.У овом раду анализирамо позајмљенице могућег илирског порекла у словенским језицима. Први и други одељак описују претходне покушаје дефинисања граница и одлика илирског језика. Илирски облици класификовани су у складу са системом именских области Илирика који је установио Радослав Катичић. Према томе, облици су означени као либурнски, делмато-панонски, или илирски у ужем смислу. Главнина материјала, коју покривају трећи и четврти одељак, састоји се од 59 ономастичких и лексичких облика који се обично сматрају илирским позајмљеницама у српско

Morozova, Maria S., Rusakov, Alexander Yu.

The article aims to clarify the notion of “balanced language contact” and to model the situation of a language contact (in the present and the past) in one of the ethnically and linguistically mixed regions of the Montenegrin-Albanian linguistic border. The study focuses on the situation in the bilingual community of thevillageofVelja Gorana, located in the area of Mrkovići inSouthern Montenegro. The community of the village, as it seems at a first glance, provides a good example of a “balanced contact” situation.The language situation in Velja Gorana is described in the article as a set of micro-situations, or scenarios, developing on family and individual levels. Attention is paid not only to the communication in the family domain, but also to the external relations of the community members. Following on from this material, the authors attempt to develop a methodology for assessing the role of both languages in such communities in general, showing which factors influence individual linguistic behavior; how this behavior may change during an individual lifetime; how the different speakers’ strategies amalgamate in what can be considered as behavior of a multilingual speech community.Analyzing the information on the history of Velia Gorana, in particular, conducting a detailed examination of the origins, genealogies and marriage strategies of its families, allows the authors to reconstruct the mechanisms for the development of “linguistic exogamy” in the community of Velja Go

Bernabé Crespo, Miguel Borja, Vallina Rodríguez, Alejandro

El revisionismo de fronteras y la instrumentalización de la protección de las minorías étnicas representan amenazas para la estabilidad y seguridad europeas. Los Balcanes Occidentales son candidatos a la adhesión a la Unión Europea, donde perviven identidades múltiples resultado de una composición multiétnica y cuya distribución sobrepasa las fronteras nacionales. Se repasan los principales reclamos territoriales y conflictos políticos: reconocimiento de Kosovo, secesión de la Republika Srpska, influencia croata en Herzegovina, reclamos serbios en Montenegro, autonomía de la región bosníaca del Sandžak, pueblos albaneses en Montenegro, Serbia y Macedonia del Norte, así como la cuestión identitaria macedonia y la multiculturalidad en Voivodina. Es esencial fortalecer la democracia y restaurar la credibilidad en el proyecto europeoBorder revisionism and the instrumentalization of the protection of ethnic minorities represent threats to European stability and security. The Western Balkans are candidates for accession to the European Union, where multiple identities persist as a result of a multi-ethnic composition and whose distribution exceeds national borders. The main territorial claims and political conflicts are reviewed: recognition of Kosovo, secession from the Republika Srpska, Croatian influence in Herzegovina, Serb claims in Montenegro, autonomy of the Bosnian region of Sandžak, Albanian peoples in Montenegro, Serbia and North Macedonia, as well as such

Dizdari, Tahir

Ligorio, Orsat, Savić, Danilo

This paper analyses borrowings of possible Illyrian provenance in Slavic. Sections 1 and 2 describe previous attempts at defining the borders and characteristics of the Illyrian language. The Illyrian forms are classified according to the system of anthroponymic areas of Illyricum established by Radoslav Katičić. Thus, they are labelled as either Liburnian, Delmato-Pannonian, or Illyrian proper. The main part of the material, covered in sections 3 and 4, consists of 59 onomastic and lexical items generally held to be Illyrian borrowings into Serbo-Croatian and, to a lesser extent, into Bulgarian and Slovene, often with cognates in Albanian and Romanian. The Illyrian origin of 13 forms is rejected. Section 5 discusses another 16 Slavic forms of unclear origin. Section 6 discusses eight Illyrian toponyms that were not borrowed into Slavic, but are helpful for the reconstruction of Illyrian phonology attempted in section 7.У овом раду анализирамо позајмљенице могућег илирског порекла у словенским језицима. Први и други одељак описују претходне покушаје дефинисања граница и одлика илирског језика. Илирски облици класификовани су у складу са системом именских области Илирика који је установио Радослав Катичић. Према томе, облици су означени као либурнски, делмато-панонски, или илирски у ужем смислу. Главнина материјала, коју покривају трећи и четврти одељак, састоји се од 59 ономастичких и лексичких облика који се обично сматрају илирским позајмљеницама у српско

This volume provides one of the first comprehensive feminist readings of international statebuilding, with a specific focus on the case of Kosovo. Rather than simply showing how the state in Kosovo is being built by and through women and feminist encounters, this volume is interested to problematise women and feminist subjectivities vis-à-vis the state and statebuilding. The book challenges three main arguments related to the processes and subjects of statebuilding in Kosovo. First, the academic literature on Kosovo has a tendency to take the international intervention of 1999 as the originary point of statebuilding processes in Kosovo. Second, and relatedly, given Kosovo's unprecedented exposure to Western intervention and statebuilding, the majority of works start from the presumption that liberal interventionism in Kosovo (and elsewhere) is normatively more progressive than the previous system, and that the liberal interventionism and statebuilding are naturally gender progressive and gender-equal. The third argument has to do with the existing legal architecture on gender and women’s rights in contemporary Kosovo. The aim of the volume is to, on the one hand, problematise the evidence against the backdrop of everyday manifestations and/or performances of statebuilding and on the other hand interrogate the co-constitutive gender aspect. In terms of methodology, the volume brings together contributions that rely on traditional and multi-sited ethnography, and narrative rese

Morozova, Maria S., Rusakov, Alexander Yu.

The article aims to clarify the notion of “balanced language contact” and to model the situation of a language contact (in the present and the past) in one of the ethnically and linguistically mixed regions of the Montenegrin-Albanian linguistic border. The study focuses on the situation in the bilingual community of thevillageofVelja Gorana, located in the area of Mrkovići inSouthern Montenegro. The community of the village, as it seems at a first glance, provides a good example of a “balanced contact” situation. The language situation in Velja Gorana is described in the article as a set of micro-situations, or scenarios, developing on family and individual levels. Attention is paid not only to the communication in the family domain, but also to the external relations of the community members. Following on from this material, the authors attempt to develop a methodology for assessing the role of both languages in such communities in general, showing which factors influence individual linguistic behavior; how this behavior may change during an individual lifetime; how the different speakers’ strategies amalgamate in what can be considered as behavior of a multilingual speech community. Analyzing the information on the history of Velia Gorana, in particular, conducting a detailed examination of the origins, genealogies and marriage strategies of its families, allows the authors to reconstruct the mechanisms for the development of “linguistic exogamy” in the community of

Vullnetari, Julie

Arifuddin, Arifuddin

Metode penelitin yang digunakan untuk melihat kualitas hadis adalah takhrij al-hadis, sementara untuk mengetahui pemahaman santri-santriwati menggunakan metode wawancara. Meskipun para santri di pondok pesantren melakukan qunut, namun hal ini dilakukan tanpa ada anggapan keliru, apalagi menyalahkan orang yang tidak melakukan qunut. Santri hanya memahami secara sederhana bahwa melakukan qunut atau tidak hal itu sama-sama pernah dilakukan oleh Nabi Saw,. sesuai dengan riwayat yang ada. Setelah diadakan takhrij al-hadis didapatkan bahwa hadis tentang qunut adalah shahih li al-dzati, serta telah diadakan wawancara dengan santri-santriwati dalam memahami tentang qunut sebagaimana yang dipahami oleh mazhab Syafi'i

Gjeli, Ardit

This dissertation examines the formation of local power structures, with a particularemphasis on the case of Shkodra during the eighteenth century. This erawitnessed significant transformations due to the implementation of new fiscal andadministrative reforms by the Ottoman central government, which profoundly influencedthe sociopolitical landscape in the provinces. Consequently, a structuralshift emerged within the Ottoman state, transitioning from a vertical to a horizontalmodel, wherein local elites and communities collaborated with central authorities.Through a comprehensive micro-study of this province, this research investigatesthe local, regional, and imperial forces affecting the province and analyzes howthe province, in turn, impacts these layers. The primary objective of this study isto illuminate these layers and their interrelationships, thereby clarifying their collectivecontribution to the establishment of a provincial order. This dissertationcontributes to the understanding of provincial order construction through a detailedcase study that explores the dynamics of power within a specific area situated at theintersection of local, regional, and imperial networks. It seeks to identify the keyactors involved in this process and to analyze the interplay of power among them,thereby elucidating the formation of the provincial network. The research traces theemergence of the ayan (local notables) and contextualizes this phenomenon withinspecific historical circumstanc

This second volume of the series The Presence of the Prophet, explores the growing importance of the figure of the Prophet Muhammad for questions of authority and power in many regions in early modern and modern times.; Readership: Scientific and general readership interested in Islam and Muslim culture and politics in different regional and historical contexts, Historical Anthropology, Sociology of Religion, Religion and Politics

Malkouari, Ediola

Drug use is considered in many countries the plague of today\u27s society. Researchers from medical, psychological and sociological fields, as well as lawmakers, are interested in finding more answers to this widespread phenomenon. All over the world there are known conflicts related to drug producing, transportation routes and distribution, that harm the economy and social standing of the involved communities or countries. Policies towards drug use vary from country to country, but this research focuses on how stigma affects the lives of individuals suffering from substance use disorder (SUD) in Albania. Substance use disorder is not often considered a disease, and more often individuals suffering from this disorder are stigmatized and not given the right care from their families, societies, or healthcare providers. Drug usage in Albania is closely linked to the country\u27s geopolitics and its communism and dictatorship past history. This phenomenon has influenced the Albanian societal perceptions. Even though Albania became a democratic country in the 1990s, there are still old mentalities to be changed, with social stigma towards drugs being one of them. The purpose of this pilot research is to understand the connection between social stigma and the treatment that individuals with substance use disorder receive from their families, society, and medical institutions. This pilot study was based on interviews conducted in a small sampling of 18 individuals. The qualitative i

Cascino, CHIARA ANNA, DI MAURO, Nicola

Chaniotis, Angelos

Continuing the practice that I have adopted in the last years, in this 26th issue of the EBGR I have placed emphasis on the presentation of corpora, new finds, and new readings, restorations, and interpretations rather than on publications that are dedicated to religious phenomena and adduce inscriptions. In addition to new finds published in 2013, I have made some additions to earlier issues (publications of 2008–2012). This issue summarizes the content of important corpora from Dodona (37) ..

Lessacher, Sonja

Diese Diplomarbeit untersucht die Dalmatienpolitik Ludwigs I. von Ungarn (1342–1382). Anhand der Kompilation von Literatur und Quellen wird nicht nur der langwierige Prozess geklärt, auf welche Weise der Anjou den adriatischen Ostküstenstrich sowie die ihm vorgelagerten Inseln der Stadtrepublik Venedig entreißen und wieder für die ungarische Krone gewinnen konnte, sondern auch, weshalb er solch ein großes Interesse an Dalmatien hatte. Der Aufstand von Zadar 1345/1346, in dem Ludwig die Zaratiner gegen Venedig unterstützte, bedeutete dabei den Beginn seines Engagements an der Ostküste der Adria, das nach einer verlorenen Schlacht sowie dem Neapel-Intermezzo im ungarisch-venezianischen Krieg 1356–1358 seinen ersten Höhepunkt erreichte. Im Frieden von Zadar (1358) konnte Ludwig I. Dalmatien schließlich für die Stephanskrone gewinnen. In weiterer Folge beschäftigt sich die Arbeit mit dem Verhältnis Ludwigs zu den dalmatinischen Kommunen im Zusammenspiel mit der Serenissima und dem kroatischen, bosnischen unbd auch serbischen Hinterland nach dem Rückerwerb 1358. Dazu gehören neben den Reformversuchen in der Administration und der königlichen Propaganda auch die handelspolitischen Maßnahmen inklusive seines gescheiterten Etablierungsversuches einer eigenen Handelsroute zwischen Ungarn und Dalmatien. Im Zuge der Arbeit kam die Verfasserin durch das Abwägen der einzelnen Komponenten von Ludwigs Dalmatienpolitik sowie der Chronologie der Ereignisse zur Erkenntnis, dass eine Vielzahl

Dashi, Brunilda

Il presente lavoro prende in esame gli Italianismi nella lingua albanese. Le note introduttive al volume presentano un breve profilo linguistico dell’albanese, i momenti salienti della lessicografia albanese, con particolare riferimento ai dizionari bilingui che vedono l’italiano come lingua a confronto, e una rapida esposizione delle ricerche etimologiche nel campo dell’albanese, soffermandosi principalmente sugli studi sugli italianismi. Lo studio si pone l’obiettivo di aggiornare l’apporto lessicale italiano nella lingua albanese. Per questa ragione, il presente lavoro, impostato su un piano diacronico e sincronico, prende in rassegna studi principalmente etimologici, dizionari etimologici, vocabolari bilingui e monolingui, ufficiali normativi) e d’autore (non normativi), dizionari terminologici (musicali, meccanici, ecclesiastici, giuridici, economici, letterari, fisiologici, ecc.) e studi sulla terminologia della comunicazione, della stampa e della radiotelevisione, della cinematografia e della fotografia, dell’arte militare, ecc. Si fa ricorso al mezzo televisivo per lemmi usati comunemente ma non registrati nei dizionari. I riferimenti, pur circoscritti, ai quotidiani, testimoniano la vitalità dei lemmi rintracciati. La conoscenza diretta della lingua ha portato all'inserimento di voci che non hanno riferimenti bibliografici. Non mancano citazioni d’autore per dimostrare che le attestazioni nei dizionari non coincidono con la prima attestazione del lemma. Si attua il

Hetemi, Atdhe

Pinheiro, Carolina Dias

Monografia (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Línguas Estrangeiras e Tradução, Curso de Letras Tradução, 2013.Paratextos em Bíblias tornaram-se um elemento comum às publicações modernas. Este trabalho buscou refletir acerca do paratexto “prefácio bíblico”, a função que exerce e suas características, a partir da tradução de trechos de dois prefácios bíblicos. Os prefácios escolhidos foram o Preface to the NET Bible, um prefácio a uma Bíblia contemporânea, e o Translators to the Reader, o prefácio à Bíblia King James Version, de 1611, dois textos produzidos introduzir retraduções. Após a análise de suas características, os dois prefácios foram classificados como prefácios originais, de acordo com a classificação que o teórico Gerard Genette formulou em 1987. Além disso, foram analisadas teorias referentes a gênero e tipo textual, textos sensíveis e alguns conceitos acerca da Bíblia e sua formação. Pudemos concluir que, apesar de ser um campo pouco pesquisado nos Estudos de Tradução, os prefácios bíblicos oferecem uma grande variedade de análises, além de permitirem uma nítida voz de tradutor do texto sensível. __________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTParatexts have become common elements in modern Bible publications. This study has attempted to reflect on the Bible prefaces as paratexts, their function and features, from the translation of excerpts from two Bible prefaces. The prefaces chosen were

Tahiraj, Enver

Doping je jedan od najvećih problema suvremenog sporta, stoga je potrebno ispitati faktore koji su povezani s doping ponašanjem sportaša. Cilj rada bio je utvrditi utjecaj sociodemografskih pokazatelja, znanja o dopingu i prehrani te sportskih čimbenika na doping (trenutno i potencijalno doping ponašanje) u nogometu, košarci, odbojci i rukometu. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 457 sportaša starijih od 18 godina, među kojima je bilo 179 žena i 278 muškaraca, te na 113 trenera nogometa, košarke, rukometa i odbojke iz Republike Kosovo. Varijable su prikupljene ekstenzivnim, prethodno validiranim, upitnikom, a moguće ih je podijeliti na: (1) sociodemografske pokazatelje, (2) sportske faktore, (3) faktore znanja o prehrani i dopingu, (4) doping faktore. U prvoj fazi obrade rezultata provjerila se pouzdanost upitnika. Kod kvanititavnih varijabli zračunavane su aritmetičke sredine i standardne devijacije, a kod kvalitativnih su se izračunale frekvencije i postoci odgovora. Analize razlika uključivale su Kruskall Wallis ANOVA-e za neparametrijske varijable, povezanost među varijablama utvrđivala se primjenom Spearmanove korelacijske analize, a u zadnjoj fazi primijenjena je logistička regresijska analiza za binomni kriterij potencijalne konzumacije dopinga. Prema tome u rukometu i košarci muškarci imaju veću vjerojatnost (Odds Ratio) za doping ponašanje (rukomet: OR = 3,41; 95% CI = 1,16-9,96; košarka: OR = 2,87; 95% CI = 1,09-7,56), u nogometu je situacija obrnuta te su žene